AHA PALS Plus Sedation & Analgesia Knowledge Check 1 (CAA Prep) Guide Q & S 2024

AHA PALS Plus Sedation & Analgesia Knowledge Check 1 (CAA Prep) Guide Q & S 2024

1. Multiple Choice: Which of the following medications is considered a

first-line agent for procedural sedation?

• Ketamine
• Propofol
• Midazolam
• Fentanyl

Correct Answer: B) Propofol

Rationale: Propofol is a rapid-onset, short-duration, intravenous

sedative-hypnotic agent used for the induction and maintenance of anesthesia or sedation, including procedural sedation.

2. True/False: Fentanyl is an opioid analgesic that is 100 times more

potent than morphine.

Answer: True

Rationale: Fentanyl is indeed a potent synthetic opioid analgesic,

approximately 100 times more potent than morphine, making it a very effective option for pain management in procedural sedation and analgesia.

3. Fill-in-the-Blank: ________ is a benzodiazepine commonly used for its

anxiolytic, amnestic, and sedative properties during procedures.

Correct Answer: Midazolam

Rationale: Midazolam is widely used in procedural sedation for its

ability to reduce anxiety, cause amnesia, and provide sedation with a relatively quick onset and short duration of action.

4. Multiple Choice: In pediatric patients, the use of oral midazolam for

procedural sedation requires monitoring of:

• Respiratory rate
• Heart rate
• Oxygen saturation
• All of the above

Correct Answer: D) All of the above

Rationale: When using sedatives like midazolam in children, it is crucial

to monitor respiratory rate, heart rate, and oxygen saturation to promptly identify and manage potential adverse effects.

5. True/False: Nitrous oxide is an ideal agent for procedural sedation in

patients with compromised respiratory function.

Answer: False

Rationale: Nitrous oxide can depress the respiratory system; therefore,

it is not ideal for patients with pre-existing respiratory compromise.

6. Fill-in-the-Blank: The sedative known for causing dissociative

anesthesia and is contraindicated in patients with a history of psychosis is

________.

Correct Answer: Ketamine

Rationale: Ketamine can cause a trance-like state providing pain relief,

sedation, and amnesia. However, due to its potential to exacerbate symptoms of psychosis, it is contraindicated in patients with a history of psychotic disorders.

7. Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a common side effect of

opioid analgesics used in procedural sedation?

• Hypertension
• Tachycardia
• Respiratory depression
• Hyperthermia

Correct Answer: C) Respiratory depression

Rationale: Opioids, while effective for pain management, can lead to

respiratory depression, which is a decrease in the urge to breathe and the rate and depth of breathing.

8. True/False: Dexmedetomidine is an alpha-2 agonist used for sedation

that has no analgesic properties.

Answer: False

Rationale: Dexmedetomidine is an alpha-2 agonist that provides both

sedative and analgesic effects without the risk of respiratory depression, making it a valuable agent in procedural sedation.

• Fill-in-the-Blank: The term "________" refers to the combination of

analgesia, amnesia, and muscle relaxation without loss of consciousness.