AMLS Final Exam

AMLS Final Exam

What do you do for pin point pupils and low respirations? - Manage airway first, then give Narcan.

If a patient who has pin point pupils and low respirations is vomiting, what do you do first?

• Suction their airway

COPD and Pulmonary Emphysema patients usually have a history of what? - AFib

What does AFib cause? - Blood clots, which cause an increase risk for pulmonary embolisms

What is the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone system? - Body's response to low BP. Renin, which is released primarily by the kidneys, stimulates the formation of angiotensin in blood and tissues, which in turn stimulates the release of aldosterone from the adrenal cortex.This causes the body to retain water and increase BP.

What are the signs and symptoms of a pulmonary embolism? - Sudden onset, SOB, chest pain, increased HR & RR, cool pale clammy skin, pink tinged sputum

What are the risk factors for a pulmonary embolism? - Bed ridden pt., trauma or surgical pt., prolonged sitting, recent c-section or traumatic delivery, <40>

What causes respiratory alkalosis? - Increased O2 Decreased CO2

What causes respiratory acidosis? - Decreased O2 Increased CO2

What causes metabolic acidosis? - Kidneys aren't removing enough acid from the body, so there is a build up. RR increases to blow off excess.

What are signs and symptoms of pericarditis? - sharp pain, fever, and ST elevation in ALL leads

In pericarditis, what leads have ST elevation? - All of them

What is the physiological event that comes from anaphylaxis? - Vasodilation, swelling, itching

How does ARDS effect the alveoli and capillaries? - Fluids build up in the alveoli, causing less oxygen exchange at the capillaries

What patients do CPAP work best on? - COPD and pneumonia Pt. must be AO, maintain own airway, breathing on their own

What are other names for normal saline? - Isotonic crystalloid solution

What drug do you give to an organophosphate poisoning? - Atropine

What do you give a patient who is actively seizing? - Versed or Valium

What is another name for Versed? - Midazolam

If a patient with low blood sugar is actively seizing, which do you fix first? - the seizing, then treat the cause

If a patient is postictal, do you treat their seizures or what caused the seizure? - treat what caused the seizure, so it doesn't happen again

What are signs and symptoms of organophosphate poisoning? - SLUDGE

What type of breathing do you get with DKA? - Kussmaul's

Do you get Kussmaul's with Hyperglycemic Hyperosmotic Nonketotic Syndrome (HHNS)? - No

Anytime you see the word anxiety what type of respiratory problem do they have? - Respiratory Alkalosis

What is the problem with your lung compliance the older you get? - It decreases and becomes more brittle

What is Proximal Nocturnal Dyspnea? - Can't lay down at night without getting shortness of breath

What patients generally have PND? - CHF

What is another name for CHF? - Left sided heart failure

Fever and history of upper respiratory infection, that also has increased water intake, orthostatic hypotension, and increased urination - THINK ABOUT THAT

What is wrong if someone has increased urination, increased thirst, low BP, with warm, dry skin? - DKA

Can an infection increase your temperature? - Yes

Can an infection increase your blood sugar? - Yes

If you are a diabetic with an infection, what are you more likely to go into? - DKA

If I have a fever, HR through the roof, tremors, low BP, and a history of Grave's Disease, how do i manage this? - Fluids, continuous 12 lead monitoring, Beta Blockers

What happens to Bicarb in metabolic acidosis? - Increases

What happens to pH in metabolic acidosis? - Decreases

What happens to CO2 in metabolic acidosis? - Increases

What is the second process in the pathway of AMLS assessment? - Look for immediate life threats

What is the first process in the pathway of AMLS assessment? - Safety and initial observation

What does observing a patient's body positioning indicate? - If they are sick or not sick

What is one of the most crucial things to do when you suspect a patient has a stroke? - look at time, how long they've had symptoms

What type of bleeding occurs in a subdural hemorrhage? - slow

What type of bleeding occurs in an epidural hemorrhage? - fast

What type of hemorrhage has a thunder clap? - subarachnoid

What type of hemorrhage has a person experienced if its fast onset, followed by a period of unconsciousness, waking up lucid? - epidural

What type of hemorrhage has a person experienced that is slow onset, usually several days to a week? - subdural

If I have urticaria and can't breath, what is going on? - anaphylaxis

How do you treat anaphylaxis? - Remove allergen, ABCs, Benedryl, Epi

When does someone need Epi, based on their vital signs? - Hypotension, cardiac arrest

If someone has two cardiac stints and a family history, what information is most concerning? - the two cardiac stints

Chest pain, shortness of breath, bed ridden after recent hip surgery, indicates what? - Pulmonary Embolosim

Red rash and bumps after a knee replacement, indicates what? - MRSA

What is the number one infection that people get in the hospital after surgeries? - MRSA

What does a patient (or foreign exchange student) have with a flat rash, ill, fever, nuchal rigidity? - Meningitis

If a patient has been ill for three days with abdominal cramping and vomiting, not due to alcohol, an epigastric problem, or lower right quadrant, what is likely the problem? - Gastroenteritis, or the stomach flu

Involuntary leg movement when you flex your neck, or bend your knees your neck comes forward, is usually a sign of what? - Meningitis (Brudzinski's sign)

Extreme thirst, diabetes, low BP, with 14 respirations a minute, indicates what? - Hyperglycemic Hyperosmotic Nonketotic Syndrome (HHNS)

A firefighter that was doing overhaul presents with a bitter almond odor on the breath, what do you suspect? - Cyanide poisoning

If someone has taken a lot of over the counter analgesic and now has abdominal pain, N/V, what over the counter pain med are they likely to have overdosed on? - acetaminophen

Dark tarry stools are indicative of a bleed where in relation to the stomach? - Before

Bright red stools are indicative of a bleed where in relation to the stomach? - After

A bent over patient who has RLQ pain, lower back pain, right leg hurts when it is extended, has what? - Appendicitis

What are signs/symptoms of appendicitis? - Pain localized to right lower quadrant or right lower back. Pain classically begins in the periumbilical region than becomes more localized to RLQ and worse. Stretching can increase pain.

Discoloration around the umbilicus is called what? - Cullen's sign

What is Cullen's sign? - Periumbilical ecchymosis

What is usually caused from tricyclic antidepressants? - Cardiac Dysrhythmias (wide QRS)

If I take all kinds of different meds and may have mixed them up, and my pulse is slow, respirations are slow and shallow, what type of medication did I overdose on? - a BP medication