ATI MENTAL HEALTH Medications Exam Studyguide

ATI MENTAL HEALTH Medications Exam Studyguide

Buspirone - ANSWER Buspar®

Pregnancy Class: B

Indications:

management of anxiety

Therapeutic Class:

Antidepressants

Therapeutic Effect(s):

Relief of anxiety

Actions:

• Binds to serotonin and dopamine receptors in the brain.
• Increases norepinephrine metabolism in the brain

Evaluation/Desired Outcomes Increase in sense of well-being.Decrease in subjective feelings of anxiety. Some improvement may be seen in 7-10 days. Optimal results take 3-4 wk of therapy. Buspirone is usually used for short-term therapy (3-4 wk). If prescribed for long-term therapy, efficacy should be periodically assessed.

Adverse Reactions/Side Effects: dizziness, drowsiness/fatigue/nausea, tinnitus,

chest pain, palpitations

Route/Dosage: (Rapid Absorption)

PO: (Adults)

7.5 mg twice daily; ↑ by 5 mg/day q 2-4 days as needed (not to exceed 60 mg/day).Usual dose is 20-30 mg/day (in 2 divided doses) ***Avoid grapefruit juice

Alprazolam - ANSWER Xanax®

Pregnancy Class: D

Pharm Class: Benzodiazepines

Indications:

• Anxiety, panic disorder, insomnia, mania, psychosis

Therapeutic Class:

• Antianxiety agent

Therapeutic Effect(s):

• Relief of anxiety (Rapid)

Adverse Reactions/Side Effects: dizziness, drowsiness, lethargy, decreased

cognitive function, difficulty recalling events, ataxia Route/Dosage for tx of

Anxiety:

PO: (Adults) 0.25-0.5 mg 2-3 times daily (not to exceed 4 mg/day

Lorazepam - ANSWER Ativan®

Pregnancy Class: D

Pharm Class: Benzodiazepines

Indications:

-Anxiety

Theraputic Class.-analgesic adjuncts -antianxiety agents

Therapeutic Effect(s):

• Decreased anxiety
• Decreased seizures

Adverse Reactions/Side Effects: dizziness, drowsiness, lethargy

Route/Dosage PO:

• Adult:

Tx Anxiety: 1-3 mg 2-3 times daily (up to 10 mg/day)

• Geriatric Patients:

Tx Anxiety: 0.5-2 mg/day in divided doses initially

Diazepam - ANSWER Valium®

Pregnancy Class: D

Pharm Class: Benzodiazepines

Indications:

• Anxiety
• Tx if Seizures

Therapeutic Class

• Antianxiety agents
• Anticonvulsants

Therapeutic Effect(s):

• Relief of anxiety
• Decreased seizure activity

Adverse Reactions/Side Effects:

- RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION

• dizziness, drowsiness, lethargy

Route/Dosage:

• Tx of anxiety

PO: (Adults) 2-10 mg 2-4 times daily

Patient/Family Teaching:

Geri: Advise geriatric patients of increased risk for CNS effects and potential for falls Oxazepam - ANSWER Serax®

Pregnancy Class: D

Pharm Class: Benzodiazepines

Indications: Management of anxiety, anxiety associated with depression.

Therapeutic Class:

antianxiety

Therapeutic Effects:

Decreased anxiety

Adverse Reation/Side Effects: dizziness, drowsiness

Route/Dosage: (PO)

-Adults:

Tx of anxiety:

10-30 mg 3-4 times daily.

-Geriatric Patients:

• mg 1-2 times daily initially or 10 mg 3 times daily; may be ↑ as needed.

Patient/Family Teaching: Geri: Instruct patient and family how to reduce falls risk at home