ATI TEAS SCIENCE (BIOLOGY) ENTRANCE EXAM 2023-2024 COMPLETE TESTBA NK QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A+++

ATI TEAS SCIENCE (BIOLOGY) ENTRANCE EXAM 2023-2024

COMPLETE TESTBA NK QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT

ANSWERS GRADED A+++

What are chromosomes? -ANS_ highly condensed, threadlike rods of DNA

What does DNA stand for? -ANS_ deoxyribose nucleic acid

What is DNA? -ANS_ genetic material that stores information about the plant or animal

What does chromatin consist of? -ANS_ DNA and protein

What makes up chromosomes? -ANS_ DNA and protein

What is a brief description of the nucleolus? -ANS_ small, round, and does not have a membrane What is the basic organizational unit of all living things? -ANS_ the cell

What is one thing that all cells have in common? -ANS_ a cell membrane

What is a membrane comparable to? -ANS_ a semi-permeable plastic bag

What is the membrane composed of? -ANS_ phospholipids

What are transport holes? -ANS_ proteins that help certain molecules and ions move in and out of the cell

What is cytoplasm? -ANS_ the fluid that fills the cell; aka cytosol

What are organelles? -ANS_ groups of complex molecules that help a cell survive; larger the cell the more organelles needed

What do all cells contain? -ANS_ DNA and RNA

What can all cells do? -ANS_ synthesize protein

What does each cell of an organism consist of? -ANS_ nucleic acids, cytoplasm, and a cell membrane

What are make the mitochondria and chloroplasts unique? -ANS_ they are specialized organelles that have specific functions within the cell

How do single-celled organisms differ from multicellular? -ANS_ single-celled organisms contain all of the components necessary for life, while multicellular organism cells can be specialized

How does life begin on the cellular level? -ANS_ life begins as a single cell by either asexual or sexual reproduction

How are cells grouped together? -ANS_ in tissues

How are tissues grouped together? -ANS_ in organs

How are organs grouped together? -ANS_ in systems

What is a considered a complete individual? -ANS_ an organism

What are ribosomes involved in? -ANS_ synthesizing proteins from amino acids

How many ribosomes are in a single cell? -ANS_ numerous and take up about one quarter of the cell

Where are ribosomes located in the cell? -ANS_ some are mobile and some are embedded in the endoplasmic reticulum

What does the golgi apparatus (golgi complex) do? -ANS_ synthesizes materials such as proteins that are transported out of the cell

Where is the golgi apparatus (golgi complex) located? -ANS_ near the nucleus

What does the golgi apparatus (golgi complex) consist of? -ANS_ layers of membranes

What are vacuoles? -ANS_ sacs used for storage, digestion, and waste removal

How are vacuoles presented in different cells (plant/animal)? -ANS_ plant: one

large vacuole

animal: small, sometimes numerous vacuoles

What is a vesicle within the cell and what does it have? -ANS_ it is a small organelle and has a membrane

What does a vesicle in the cell do? -ANS_ performs varying functions including moving materials within a cell

What does the cytoskeleton of the cell consist of? -ANS_ microtubules

What does the cytoskeleton of the cell do? -ANS_ shape and support the cell

What are microtubules apart of? -ANS_ the cell cytoskeleton

What do microtubules do? -ANS_ support the cell

What are microtubules made of? -ANS_ protein

What is cytosol? -ANS_ liquid material in the cell

What makes up the cytosol? -ANS_ mostly water, but also contains some floating molecules

What does the term cytoplasm refer to? -ANS_ cytosol and the substructures (organelles) found within the plasma membrane, but not within the nucleus

What does the cell membrane (plasma membrane) do? -ANS_ defines the cell by acting as a barrier, helps keep cytoplasm in and substances located outside the cell, and determines what enters and exits the cell

What are the two types of endoplasmic reticulum? -ANS_ smooth and rough

What distinguishes rough ER? -ANS_ ribosomes on the surface

What distinguishes smooth ER? -ANS_ does not have ribosomes on the surface

What is endoplasmic reticulum? -ANS_ a tubular network that comprises the transport system of a cell

Where is the endoplasmic reticulum located? -ANS_ it is fused to the nuclear membrane and extends through the cytoplasm to the cell membrane

How does mitochondrion differ from cell to cell? -ANS_ they vary in terms of size and quantity

What do mitochondrion do? -ANS_ generate ATP and involve itself with cell growth and death

What makes mitochondrion DNA unique? -ANS_ they contain their own DNA that is separate from that contained in the nucleus

What are the four specific functions of mitochondria? -ANS_ producing cell energy, cell signaling, cellular differentiation, and cell cycle/growth regulation

What is cell signaling? -ANS_ how communications are carried out within a cell

What is cellular differentiation? -ANS_ the process whereby a non-differentiated cell becomes transformed into a cell with a more specialized purpose

What is the general description of cell cycle/growth regulation? -ANS_ the process whereby the cell gets ready to reproduce and reproduces

What does the mitochondria consist of? -ANS_ an inner and outer membrane

What does the inner membrane of the mitochondria enclose? -ANS_ encloses the matrix

What does the matrix of the mitochondria contain? -ANS_ mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and ribosomes

What are between the inner and outer membranes of the mitochondria? -ANS_ folds (cristae)

What happens in the folds (cristae) of the mitochondria? -ANS_ chemical reactions occur here that release energy, control water levels in cells, and recycle and create proteins and fats

What kind of respiration occurs in the mitochondria? -ANS_ aerobic respiration

What is the centrosome involved in? -ANS_ mitosis and the cell cycle