HESI EXIT RN EXAM OVER 700 QUESTIONS,

1

HESI EXIT RN EXAM OVER 700 QUESTIONS,

ANSWERS RATIONALE NEW 2020/2021

1.The nurse is caring for a patient with inner ear problems. Which goal is the priority?a.Maintain balance.b.Maintain proprioception.c.Maintain muscle strength.d.Maintain body alignment.

ANS: A

Within the inner ear are the semicircular canals, three fluid-filled structures that help maintain balance. Proprioception is the awareness of the position of the body and its parts, and proprioceptors are located on nerve endings, not the inner ear. Muscle strength is maintained with activity and exercise. Although body alignment is important, it is not maintained by the inner ear.

2.A nurse is teaching a health promotion class about isotonic exercises. Which types of exercises will the nurse give as examples?a.Swimming, jogging, and bicycling b.Tightening or tensing of muscles without moving body parts c.Quadriceps set exercises and contraction of the gluteal muscles d.Push-ups, hip lifting, pushing feet against a footboard on the bed

ANS: A

Examples of isotonic exercises are walking, swimming, dance aerobics, jogging, bicycling, and moving arms and legs with light resistance. Isometric exercises involve tightening or tensing of muscles without moving body parts. Examples include quadriceps set exercises and contraction of the gluteal muscles. Examples of resistive isometric exercises are push-ups and hip lifting, as well as placing a footboard on the foot of the bed for patients to push against with their feet.

2 3.An adolescent tells the nurse that a health professional said the fibrous tissue that connects bone and cartilage was strained in a sporting accident. On which structure will the nurse focus an assessment?a.Tendon b.Ligament c.Synergistic muscle d.Antagonistic muscle

ANS: B

Ligaments are white, shiny, and flexible bands of fibrous tissue that bind joints and connect bones and cartilage. Tendons are strong, flexible, and inelastic as they serve to connect muscle to bone. Muscles attach bone to bone. Synergistic muscles contract to accomplish the same movement.Antagonistic muscles cause movement at the joint.

4.A nurse is developing an exercise plan for a middle-aged patient. In which order will the nurse instruct the patient to execute the plan, beginning with the first step?

1.Design the fitness program.

2.Assemble equipment.

3.Assess fitness level.

4.Monitor progress.

5.Get started.

• 5, 1, 3, 2, 4
• 1, 2, 3, 5, 4
• 2, 5, 3, 1, 4
• 3, 1, 2, 5, 4

ANS: D

Five steps to beginning an exercise program are Step 1: Assess fitness level;

Step 2: Design the fitness program; Step 3: Assemble equipment; Step 4: Get

started; and Step 5: Monitor progress.

11.The nurse gives instructions to a nursing assistive personnel (NAP)

3 regarding exercise for a patient. Which action by the NAP indicates a correct understanding of the directions?a.Determines the patient’s ability to exercise b.Teaches the patient how to do the exercises c.Reports the patient got dizzy after exercising d.Advises the patient to work through the pain

ANS: C

The NAP notifies the nurse if a patient reports increased fatigue, dizziness, or light-headedness when obtaining preexercise and/or postexercise vital signs.The nurse first must assess the patient’s ability and tolerance to exercise. The nurse also teaches patients and their families how to implement exercise programs. The NAP can prepare patients for exercise (e.g., putting on shoes and clothing, providing hygiene needs, and obtaining preexercise and postexercise vital signs). The NAP can help the patient exercise.

12.The nurse is starting an exercise program in a local community as a health promotion project. Which information will the nurse include in the teaching session?a.A cool-down period lasts about 5 to 10 minutes.b.The purpose of weight training is to bulk up muscles.c.Resistance training is appropriate for warm-up and cool-down periods.Aerobic exercise should be done 3 to 5 times per week for about 20 d.minutes.

ANS: A

The cool-down period follows the exercise routine and usually lasts about 5 to 10 minutes. The purposes of weight training from a health perspective are to develop tone and strength and to simulate and maintain healthy bone.Stretching and flexibility exercises are ideal for warm-up and cool-down periods. The recommended frequency of aerobic exercise is 3 to 5 times per week or every other day for approximately 30 minutes.

13.The patient is eager to begin an exercise program with a 2-mile jog. The nurse instructs the patient to warm up. The patient does not want to waste time with a “warm-up.” Which information will the nurse share with the patient?a.The warm-up in this case can be done after the 2-mile jog.b.The warm-up prepares the body and

4 decreases the potential for injury. The warm-up allows the body to readjust gradually to baseline c.functioning.The warm-up should be performed with high intensity to prepare for d.the coming challenge.

ANS: B

The warm-up activity prepares the body for activity and decreases the potential for injury and should not be omitted. It usually lasts about 5 to 10 minutes and may include stretching, calisthenics, and/or aerobic activity performed at a lower intensity. The warm-up is before the exercise, while the cool-down period is after the exercise. The cool-down, not the warm-up, allows the body to readjust gradually to baseline functioning and provides an opportunity to combine movement such as stretching with relaxation-enhancing mind-body awareness.The warm-up should not be a high-intensity workout.

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