Introduction to Child Health and Pediatric Nursing

Page 1 Chapter 1.Introduction to Child Health and Pediatric Nursing

Format: Multiple Choice

Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care

Cognitive Level: Understand

Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning

Page and Header: 6, Child Health

1.The nurse providing family-centered care in a hospital setting reflects on the focus of the health care provided in today’s society. Which statement best describes the current definition of health?A)Health is described as “an absence of disease.” B)Health is measured by monitoring mortality and morbidity of a group.C)Health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being.D)Technologic gains made in health care are shared equally among all children.

Ans: C

Feedback:

In the past, health was defined simply as the absence of disease; health was measured by monitoring the mortality and morbidity of a group. Over the past century, however, the focus of health has shifted to disease prevention, health promotion, and wellness. The World Health Organization (2018) defines health as “a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.” The gains in child health have been huge, but, unfortunately, these gains are not shared equally among all children.

Format: Multiple Choice

Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care

Cognitive Level: Understand

Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning

Page and Header: 6, The History of Child Health and Child Health Care TEST BANK Essentials of Pediatric Nursing 4/E Theresa Kyle

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• The student nurse is learning about the history of child health and health care in

the United States. Which statement accurately reflects the condition of health care in the past and current centuries?

• In past centuries in the United States, the health of the country was better

than it is today due to the simpler style of living.

• In the current century, mortality rates are high, but life expectancy has

increased due to technologic advances.

• In the late 18th and early 19th centuries, urban public health improvements

made cities healthier places for growing children.

• By the late 20th century, unintentional injuries rather than infectious

diseases had become the leading cause of death for children older than 1 year old.

Ans: D

Feedback:

In past centuries in the United States, the health of the country was poorer than it is today; mortality rates were high and life expectancy was short. Over the years, the health of children received more and more attention, leading to a better understanding of sources of illness and improvements in sanitation, water, and nutrition. As a result, by the late 20th century, unintentional injuries rather than infectious diseases had become the leading cause of death for children older than 1 year old.

Format: Multiple Choice

Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance

Cognitive Level: Apply

Integrated Process: Nursing Process

Page and Header: 6, The History of Child Health and Child Health Care

• The nurse is administering a number of therapeutic interventions for neonates,

infants, and children on the pediatric unit. Which intervention contributes to an increase in chronic illness seen in early childhood?

• Administering antibiotics to prevent lethal infections
• Vaccinating children to prevent childhood diseases
• Using mechanical ventilation for premature infants
• Using corticosteroids as a treatment for asthma

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Ans: C

Feedback:

Using mechanical ventilation and medications to foster lung development in premature infants increases their survival rate. Yet the infants who survive are often faced with myriad chronic illnesses. Administering antibiotics to prevent lethal infections, vaccinating children to prevent childhood diseases, and using corticosteroids as a treatment for asthma may cause side effects, but do not contribute to chronic illness in children.

Format: Multiple Choice

Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care

Cognitive Level: Apply

Integrated Process: Nursing Process

Page and Header: 7, Measurement of Children’s Health Status

• The nurse is reviewing a copy of the U.S. Surgeon General’s Report, Healthy

People. Which nursing action best reflects the nurse fostering this healthcare agenda?

• The nurse signs up for classes to obtain an advanced degree in nursing.
• The nurse volunteers at a local healthcare clinic providing free vaccinations

for low-income populations.

• The nurse performs an in-service on basic hospital equipment for student

nurses.

• The nurse compiles nursing articles on evidence-based practices in nursing

to present at a hospital training seminar.

Ans: B

Feedback:

Healthy People is a comprehensive health promotion and disease prevention agenda that is working toward improving the quantity and quality of life for all Americans (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2019). Overarching goals are obtain healthy, thriving lives, to eliminate preventable disease, disability, injury, and premature death; achieve health equity, eliminate disparities, and attain health literacy to improve the health of all groups; create physical, economic and social environments that promote good health; and well-being for all; promote healthy development and behaviors across every stage of life; and engage leadership, the public, and key constituents to take action and develop policies that will improve the health and well-being of all. Volunteering at a local healthcare clinic directly reflects

Page 4 the goal of improving the health of all groups of people. Signing up for classes, performing in-services on equipment, and compiling nursing articles on evidence-based practices in nursing are all worthwhile activities that foster healthcare delivery, but are not as directly linked to the agenda of promoting health in the community.

Format: Multiple Select

Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care

Cognitive Level: Remember

Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning

Page and Header: 10, Neonatal and Infant Mortality Rate

• The neonatal nurse researches the neonatal and mortality rates in the United

States. Which statements accurately describe these measurements of child health?Select all that apply.

• Neonatal mortality is the number of infant deaths occurring in the first 28

days of life per 1,000 live births.

• The infant mortality rate refers to the number of deaths occurring in the first
• months of life.
• Neonatal mortality is documented as the number of deaths in relation to

1,000 live births.

• The infant mortality rate is used as an index of the general health of a

country.

• In 2017, the infant mortality rate in the United States was 5.8 per 1,000 live

births.

• The infant mortality rate is consistent from state to state as well as between

ethnic groups.

Ans: A, C, D, E

Feedback:

Neonatal mortality is the number of infant deaths occurring in the first 28 days of life per 1,000 live births. The infant mortality rate refers to the number of deaths occurring in the first 12 months of life and is documented as the number of deaths in relation to 1,000 live births. The infant mortality rate is used as an index of the general health of a country; generally, this statistic is one of the most significant measures of children’s health. In 2017, the infant mortality rate in the United States was 5.8 per 1,000 live births. The infant mortality rate varies greatly from state to state as well as between ethnic groups.