KAPLAN MEDICIAL SURG 2 EXAM 2025-26 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS

• The nurse instructs a client who had a subtotal gastrectomy. Which statement should be included in the

instructions?-Eat a low carbohydrate diet every day

• The nurse is caring for a client who had a tracheostomy performed the previous day. Which finding most

concerns the nurse?-The client’s secretions are thick, yellow and dry

• The nurse cares for a client with a diagnosis of acute adrenal insufficiency (adrenal crises). What will the

nurse expect to observe?-Muscle cramps, fatigue and hypotension

• A client reports that the migraine headaches have become more severe. Which clinical manifestations will

the nurse expect the client to report?-Pain in one eye and one side of the face

• The nurse instructs a client diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosis (SLE). Which statement by the

client indicates understanding of the instructions?-“Stress and fatigue may make my symptoms worse.”

• The nurse cares for a client 24 hours after a cast application to the right leg from the groin to the foot. Which

findings require an immediate intervention by the nurse?-The client reports the right toes are tingling

• The nurse cares for a client recently diagnosed with a tumor in the frontal lobe of the brain. Which

statement would the nurse expect the client to make?-“I feel like my concentration is not very good.”

• The nurse cares for a client diagnosed with asthma. The client is taking 20mg of oral prednisone daily.

Which statements should be included in the teaching? (select all that apply)

-You may experience some stomach upset when taking prednisone -The medication will need to be slowly decreased before it is disconnected -You are at greater risk for infection while you are taking this medication

• The nurse cares for a client in the emergency room diagnosed with a traumatic amputation of the leg and

hypovolemic shock. What is the most appropriate action the nurse should take?-Administer Lactated Ringer’s solution intravenously

• The nurse instructs a client who reports frequent history of urinary tract infections. Which statement should

be included in the instructions?-You should drink at least 2000ml of fluid everyday

• The nurse instructs a client diagnosed with gastro esophageal reflux disease (GERD). Which statement

should be included in the instructions?-Sleep with head and should elevated on pillows

• A nurse reviews laboratory reports for a client diagnosed with acute glomerulonephritis. What will the nurse

expect to observe?-Increased urine protein

• The nurse gives discharge instructions to a client who had a total knee replacement about prevention of

thromboembolism. Which statement by the client indicates understanding of the instructions?-My toes should protrude through the toe hole of the anti-embolism stockings

• The nurse cares for a client diagnosed with full-thickness burns of both legs. What will the nurse expect to

observe?3 rd degree burn (observe what you see)

• The nurse cares for a 78 year old client with the diagnosis of colostrum deficile infection. What action is most

appropriate for the nurse to take while caring for this client?-Wear a gown and gloves while assisting the client with bathing

• The nurse cares for a client diagnosed with benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH). Which clinical manifestation

would the nurse expect the client to have?-Difficulty initiating voiding

• The nurse cares for a client diagnosed with severe Parkinson’s disease. What will the nurse expect to

observe?-Increased salivation

• The nurse notes a client’s cardiac rhythm suddenly shows ventricular tachycardia. It is most important for

the nurse to administer which medication?-Lidocane

• The nurse evaluates a client’s compliance with the diabetic diet, insulin and activity regimens over a 2 month

period. What is the best way for the nurse to collect this date?-Obtain a glycosylated hemoglobin level (HbA1c)

• The nurse instructs an adult newly diagnosed with cystic fibrosis. The nurse should include which

statements? (select all that apply)

-The cystic fibrosis may cause you to have fertility problems -An aerobic exercise program is an important part of your treatment

• The nurse performs cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) on a 62 year old man. What is the correct

compression depth for this client?-2 inches or more

• The nurse cares for a client diagnosed with metastic breast cancer. What is the most reliable indicator of

pain during the care of this client?-Client’s rating of pain intensity

• The nurse cares for a client diagnosed with a closed head injury after a car accident. The family reports that

the client hit his head on the dash board. Which observation if made by the nurse 48 hours after the accident requires an immediate intervention?-Clear fluid is dripping from the ear

• The nurse cares for a client who had a tonic-clonic lasting 90 seconds followed by a period of decreased

consciousness lasting 2 minutes followed by another seizure. What is the priority action the nurse should take?-Administer Diazepam (Valium) as ordered

• The nurse cares for a client 12 hours after the client had a fractured femur and pelvis. The client reports

shortness and breath and is anxious. What is the first action the nurse should take?-Instruct the client to cough and deep breathe

• The nurse cares for a client diagnosed acute renal failure and a serum of potassium of 6.2meq/dl. What is a

priority assessment the nurse should make?-Heart, rate and rhythm

• A nurse instructs the client about oral iron replacement. Which statement by the client indicates

understanding of the instructions?-I should take my medication before meals

• The nurse instructs a client about prevention of lyme disease. Which statement by the client indicates a

need for further teaching?-A symptom of lyme disease is a fine, raised rash on the palm of the hands

• The nurse cares for an 80 year old diagnosed with dehydration. What will the nurse expect to observe?

-Urine output of 20mL per hour

• The nurse cares for a client diagnosed with left sided stroke. What will the nurse expect to observe?