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NOCTI Pre Engineering Exam study guide
What are the major engineering fields?Civil Mechanical Electrical Aerospace Structural What major functions do engineers perform?
- Research- making new discoveries and finding uses
- Development- production of a function able device/ process
- Design- optimizing/ making easier to produce/ improving performance
- Production/Testing- mass production + quantity control
- Construction- Production on a site
- Operations- managing facilities and networks
- Sales- consumer creator link, creating a market
- Management- using background for managing
- Consulting- solving problems
- Bachelors degree at a credited school (ABET or CAEB)
- Exams- Fundamentals of Engineering test- Engineering in Training (EIT)
- Practice for 4 years- principles and practice exam- licensed engineer
What type of eduction is required to be an engineer?
What important ethics are related to engineering situations?Engineers use knowledge and skill for the advancement of human welfare. They need to be honest and impartial, increasing reputation of the engineering profession.Who do engineering interact with? (Other technical personnels on the job) Engineers Scientists Technologists Technicians Craftsmen What important milestones have occurred during the progression of the engineering field?Henry Fords assembly line Wright brothers first flight Thomas Edison's light bulb Robert Goddars' liquid fuel rockets What are the important principles of the problem solving process?identification of a need, problem definition, researching, constraint, criteria, alternative solutions, analysis What are the steps in the design process?Identify the need, research and gathering info, develop solution (alternative solutions), choose a solution (analysis), construct a prototype, test and evaluate How to analyze solution/ identifying strengths and weaknesses?
Efficiency Cost Safety Functionality Availability of materials Durability How to develop details of a solution?Scale model Inventor (dynamic simulation) Orthographic Isometric drawing Techno CNC + 3D printing How to develop, test, and redesign prototypes?Test for safety and durability Test for efficiency How to explain components of set up, machining, casting, molding, welding, and finishing?Turning- lathe Milling- makes square objects Casting- turns liquid into mold Welding- arc, spot, gas (oxyacetylene) Undercutting- welding reduce cross sectional strength Finishing- painting
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How to identify and use common hand tools Straight edge- ruler VIC (vernier caliper)- measures inside/outside distanxes How to identify and properly use fasteners?Machine srews- hex nuts Wood screws- course thread/pointy Sheet metal- pointed heads, sharp fine threads Thread Rotation= UNC 1/4(diameter)-20(thread per inch)-2(thread length)-2A(type of thread) How to estimate and measure the size of objects using SI and US units?
- inch = 2.54 cm
- gal water = 7-8 lbs
100 ft = 28.3 L
How to explain the role and quality control in manufacturing?-Controls the quality -bSigma- stands for manufacturing for standardization -International organizations -Manufacturing tolerance How to measure with percussion to olds and instruments?
7.00 sleeve(0.5) 0.25 thimble What role does quality control plays in assembly and fabrication?
-Improves quality and reputation -Reducing execution time -Lower costs What are the roles of supplying and outsourcing?-Reordering levels are set -No over stocking (to attain materials in time w/o overstocking) What does the order and methodology of the assembly process consist of?Operations Storage Transportation/Delays Inspection What are the attributes of common materials?Ferrous- high weight/ lower conductivity/ easily corrodible/ magnetic Non Ferrous- malleable/ high conductivity How to make an oral presentation?Practice Don't read from slides Speak to the audience How to interpret aspects and/or types of engineering drawings and plans?Orthographic drawings Dimensions/ line drawings How to express data in tables, graphs, and charts?Bar graph- qualitative Histogram- Quantitative How to contribute to a team project?Communication Common goal, vision Find a good team How to follow appropriate personal safety procedures?Need to know and learn safety rules What role of OSHA is in the technical workplace?Occupational safety + help admin Ensure safety standards are followed through How to use appropriate safety equipment?Eye and ear protection Safety shoes Masks Hazardous material storage How electrical safety decries function?Circuit breaker- to switch circuit off, surge protector, when it gets excess/ it converse excess to ground How to solve problems using vectoring to persist forces?X Y components Hypotenuse components How to calculate and describe the effect of resistance?
V=IR^2
W=VI How to apply Ohms law, Watts law, and Kirchoffs law?Ohms law- V=IR^2 Watt- power= voltage x current Kirchoffs- sum of voltage in = sum of voltage out How does AC and DC systems work and differ?DC current- flows in the same direction AC current- constantly flows How to identify what causes resistance in a fluid system?Smoother pige inside As few curves as possible motor cylinder piston How hydraulic and pneumatic systems work?Pump, Valce, Motor/Cylinder Hydraulic motor- generates power Pneumatic- pressurized fluId Three ways heat is transferred Convection- hot to cold (no direct contact) Radiation- to contact (vacuum) Conduction How to convert between Celsius and Ferenheit?(X9/5)+32
- pound of water needed to get 1 degrees F
- sealed windows (vacuum)
- Fiberglass
What are the six simple machines?Pulley Lever Wheel and Axel Wedge Screw Plane How to solve problems using appropriate units in engineering systems?Increase velocity of liquid Increase force or increase area absolute p + gauge = atmospheric pressure How to identify the uses and types if inductors and capacitors?Capacitor- stores electrical energy Inductors- stores energy (w/ magnetic field) How to use insulation to minimize heat flow?
How to identify electrical components and their functions?
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