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NUR 2407 Pharmacology
Pharmacology Module 1
Definition of Drug
- any chemical that can affect living processes
Medications are a form of
- Drug that have therapeutic applications
What is pharmacology?
- The study of drugs in humans
Therapeutics AKA Pharma therapeutics
- The use of drugs to diagnose, prevent, or treat disease or to prevent
pregnancy
What are characteristics to consider?
- Effectiveness
- Safety
- Selectiveness
What are the rights of medication administration?
- Right Patient
- Right Medication
- Right Dose
- Right Route
- Right Time
There are additional rights to medication administration. What are they?
- Expiration
- Documentation
- Education
- Assessment
- eval
- refuse
What are the phases after medication is administered?
- Pharmaceutic phase
- Pharmacokinetic Phase
- Pharmacodynamic phase
What is the pharmaceutic stage?
- A process in which the tablet or capsule becomes a solution so that it can
cross the biologic membrane of the stomach or small intestine
Enteric means
- of; relating to, or occurring in the intestines
What is the pharmacokinetic phase?
- This is the process of drug movement through the body to achieve drug
action Sometimes this can be referred to as "What the body does to the drug"
There are 4 processes in the pharmacokinetic phase, what are they?
- Absorption
- Distribution
- metabolism/biotransformation
- excretion/elimination
What is absorption?
- Movement of a drug from its site of administration into bloodstream
What type of drugs are most easily absorbed in the GI tract?
- Fat-soluble and nonionized (no electrical charge)
parental administration
- Pertains to drugs given outside of the GI tract; Injection (IV, IM SQ ETC.)
What are some factors that affect absorption?
- Blood-flow-
Muscle has more blood flow than subq tissue
What is the distribution phase?
- The process by which the drug becomes available to body fluids and body
tissues from the bloodstream
What is protein binding?
- As drugs circulate in the blood and plasma, some of them have a high
affinity for binding to the plasma proteins.
Blood Brain Barrier affects the
- distribution of medications
What is the Metabolism Phase AKA Biotransformation?
- The chemical alteration of drug structure
Where does metabolism happen in the body?
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