RN COMPREHENSIVE NURSING CARE

RN COMPREHENSIVE NURSING CARE

– SPECIAL SENSES- SUMMARY 2023

[LAB PRACTICE]

THEME: Understanding anatomic structures of the body, their functions and malfunctions

STUDY PERIOD TERM 2

HOURS THEORY

HRS 22

SKILLS

LAB HRS 22

TOPIC Special senses

SUBTOPICS  Olfaction  Gustation  The eye and sight  The ear – hearing and balance

BROAD OBJECTIVE

At the end of this course the student should be able to demonstrate the systems basics as foundation to build on further knowledge

STUDY QUESTIONS 1. About the sense of smell (olfaction):

a) What is the location of the olfactory bulb?

b) How is odour changed to action potential?

c) Describe the pathway of the olfactory nerve and the areas of

the brain involved in smell sensation.

2. About the sense of taste (gustation):

a) Describe the anatomy of the tongue and organization of the

taste buds.

b) Describe the taste action potential generation.

c) State the nerves that carry taste sensation, explain their

pathway and the areas of the brain involved in interpretation

of taste.

3. About the eye and sight:

a) Outline the layers of the eye ball and their adaptation to

function.

b) Outline the chambers of the eye ball, their contents and

function.

c) About the physiology of sight:

i) Explain the pathway of light from an object to the

retina and what happens to it as it passes through the structures on its pathway.ii) How is a nerve impulse generated from light at the retina?iii) What is the pathway of the optic nerve?iv) Explain accommodation.

v) How is colour detected?

d) Highlight the extraocular muscles, their innervation and

action.

4. About the ear, hearing and balance:

a) Explain the structure and adaptation to function of the

following parts of the ear:

i) External ear

ii) Middle ear iii) Inner ear

b) Explain the physiology of hearing under the following:

i) Air conduction

ii) Bonny conduction iii) Fluid conduction iv) Action potential generation and pathway of the cochlear nerve.

c) Explain the physiology of balance.

• How are special senses different from general senses?

6. Define the following terms:

• keratin
• Sebum
• Cerumen

• Melanin
• Integument

7. Describe the skin as:

• A protective organ
• A thermo-regulator
• A sensory organ
• Excretory organ
• Metabolic function

• Describe how the skin is structurally organised and how its

structures are adapted to perform their functions?

• What are the different types of sweat glands?
• Describe metabolic function of the skin.

• Describe the following physiologic processes that the skin carries

out:

• Apoptosis
• Melanin distribution
• Wound healing

• Outline the developmental aspect of the skin from embryonic to

old age ASSIGNMENT To be posted on melimu.

PREREQUISITE

KNOWLEGDE

Basic Biology Physiology of the nervous system.

COMPLIMENTARY

KNOWLEDGE AND

SKILLS

Presentations skills

PRACTICAL

ASSIGNMENT

Presentation of case study REFERENCE  Rose and Willson Anatomy and physiology  Anatomy and physiology by Elein Marieb  Fundamentals of human anatomy  Khan academy and Ninja nerd YouTube channels STUDY METHODS Self-directed learning Tutorial small group learning Demonstration Lecture Plenary presentation

Skills lab Other

STUDENT SELF

ASSESMENT

How would you rate your acquired knowledge skills and attitude (where applicable) using the scale?0=very poor; 1=poor; 2=fair; 3=good; 4=excellent

0 1 2 3 4

Theoretical knowledge Skills Attitude

Reason:

Proposed action:

SUPERVISORS’

REMARKS