Security Analysis Report CJ 310 Project Two Southern New Hampshire University

Security Analysis Report CJ 310 Project Two Southern New Hampshire University

Introduction

The Department of Homeland Security is incredibly large in its scope and the umbrella of

organizations under its charge. This report will take a closer look at the Federal Emergency

Management Agency and the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement agency and explain

their roles, organizational structure, how they protect a specific critical infrastructure sector and

how their missions help to maintain the safety of U.S. citizens.

Roles of Major Agencies Within DHS

The Federal Emergency Management Agency, or FEMA, assists local and state

governments as well as their residents immediately following disasters and in the longer term.

FEMA also conducts programs to help prepare for imminent disasters. FEMA provides services

like advising on building codes, flood plain management to help equip local emergency agencies,

and coordinating federal responses to a disaster ("AllGov - Federal Emergency Management

Agency", n.d.).

Under President Jimmy Carter, FEMA was created to consolidate several emergency

agencies in 1978 (Martin, 2019). This put FEMA at the forefront of the all-hazards umbrella,

which answers to a wide range of natural and human-made disasters. FEMA currently

coordinates and shares information and resources with local and state governments and militaryand civil defense authorities. If FEMA was unable to share information effectively down its chain, localities would likely not be prepared to endure disasters without federal assistance. The United States Immigration and Customs Enforcement agency is tasked with strengthening border security and preventing illegal movement of people, goods, and funds into, within, and out of the US ("ICE's Mission", n.d.). ICE is composed of two law enforcement directorates, namely the HIS and ERO which include several support divisions. Ultimately the ICE director reports directly to the Secretary of Homeland Security who then reports directly to the President of the United States. Any faults or shortfalls in information sharing within the agency down its chain of command could result in the oversight of its responsibilities, presenting a risk to national security. Organizational Structures FEMA is a federal agency that falls under the DHS’s vast umbrella. Its headquarters is in Washington, D.C., where the Office of the Administrator and other program