Summary NYSTCE Students with Disabilities (060) REA Prep 2023

Summary NYSTCE Students with Disabilities (060) REA Prep 2023 Compulsory Educations est. - Correct Answer by early 20th Century

Panel of Mental Retardation - Correct Answer Government action created by President John F. Kennedy in 1961

Elementary & Secondary Education Act - Correct Answer 1965

Public Law 94-143 - Correct Answer Education for All Handicapped Children Act (EHA) -passed in 1975 -reauthorized as the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)

Inclusion - Correct Answer educating SwD in the general education classroom -allows them to participate in day-to-day routines alongside students w/o disabilities to the greatest extend possible -a default/normative scenario for which there may be exceptions

Mainstreaming - Correct Answer SwD included in the gen ed classroom only when their achievement would be near grade level, without substantial support

Inclusion v. Mainstreaming - Correct Answer Inclusion treats the gen ed classroom as the student's primary placement, with the gen ed teacher as the primary teacher; mainstreaming first requires student to be at/near grade level

Individuals with Disabilities Education ~Improvement~ Act - Correct Answer IDEA, aka

IDEIA; 1975

• strongest, most direct impact on special ed

-Federal gov't provides states w/funding for special education. -She states must comply w/numerous requirements that pertain to children ranging from birth to age 21.

Child Find Activities - Correct Answer -State compliance for IDEA -used to identify & evaluate children who may have disabilities -must be evaluated at no cost to parents -parents must be involved in the evaluation process -parents or school professional (ex. teacher) may request evaluation -parental consent required

Who may request evaluation of a child? - Correct Answer Parents or school professional, such as a teacher -but parental consent is required!

Free Appropriate Public Education (FAPE) - Correct Answer -State compliance for IDEA -SwD entitled to same types of educational experiences as peers

-schools must provide SwD an educational experience that is appropriate to age & abilities at no cost to parent

LRE - Correct Answer Least Restrictive Environment -State compliance for IDEA -educational experiences must be as similar as possible to peers -remain in gen ed class to greatest extent possible & fewest possible changes to day-to- day routine -Foundation of Inclusion -Continuum of Services

Continuum of Services - Correct Answer -State compliance for IDEA -allows students to participate to the greatest extent possible

IEP - Correct Answer -State compliance for IDEA -Individualized Education Program/Plan required for each child 3 yo to 21 yo -describes child's present level of progress & learning capacity -short & long term goals -accommodations & services needed

IEP Post-graduation - Correct Answer -State compliance for IDEA -When child is 16 yo, IEP must included description of the student's goals following graduation -includes transition services needed to achieve those goals

IFSP - Correct Answer -State compliance for IDEA -Individualized Family Service- Plan (IFSP) -focuses on the family and the child's natural environment -prior to age 3 for each child who shows signs of developmental delay

Federal Legislation for SwD (5) - Correct Answer 1. IDEA

• The Vocational Rehabilitation Act
• Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)
• Family Educational Rights & Privacy Act (FERPA)
• No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB)

The Vocational Rehabilitation Act & Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) - Correct Answer forbid discrimination against individuals with disabilities

The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA) - Correct Answer Helps ensure the privacy of educational records such as IEPS

No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) - Correct Answer -2001; requires instructional practices be predicated on scientifically based research -Increases the accountability of schools with respect to the academic progress of students with disabilities

Referals - Correct Answer Referral for evaluation must be made in order to determine whether a child has a disability & requires special ed services -can be made by parents, school staff, and/or administrators; also physicians, judicial officers, students over 18 yo

Committee on Special Education - Correct Answer CSE; the multidisciplinary team that

receives referrals, responsible for:

-makeing arrangements for the evaluation of a student who has been referred -determining whether student is eligible for special ed services, based on evaluation results -developing & implementing IEP -reviewing IEP on annual basis & modifying as needed

Committee on Preschool Special Education - Correct Answer CPSE; the multidisciplinary team that receives referrals for children between ages 3 and 5

Requirements for the Assessment of Students, #1-4 - Correct Answer 1. School officials must notify parents prior to assessments; parental permission needed

• Must be conducted by interdisciplinary team, including at least 1 teacher or

educational professional who is knowledgeable about student's suspected disability

• Must be carried out on individual basis
• Must consist of more than one test or criterion

Requirements for the Assessment of Students, #5-8 - Correct Answer 5. Materials must be nondiscriminatory w/respect to racial & cultural background; assessments must be in primary language

• Must be empirically validated & be administered by individuals trained in their

administrtaion

• Test protocols must be adhered to
• For children birth-3 yo, assessment must take place in "natural environments" (home,

day care center)

Procedural Safeguards - Correct Answer a set of rules & procedures designed to protect the rights and interests of parents and their children with disabilities -AKA Parents' Rights -Required to be given when: 1. their children are evaluated/re-evaluated, 2. when parents are invited to CSE/CPSE committee meetings, 3. when parents file a complaint,

• when requested

Due Process/Due Process Hearings - Correct Answer Principles that attempt to guarantee the rights of citizens.-allow the parents to bring their complaints before an impartial, experienced individual from outside the school district.-no cost to parents, although they're responsible for attorney's fees

-can be requested by school; ex. parents refuse to allow a child to be evaluated for the presence of a disability

Age of Majority - Correct Answer age a person becomes a legal adult; 18 yo -at this point, student w/disability must receive notice of IEP meetings, consent to evaluations & other IEP content, and otherwise function as their parents once did

Culture - Correct Answer shared values, beliefs, and practices that can be transmitted from one generation to the next.-constantly changing -requires effective communication across cultures, requiring understanding cultural differences

Culturally Responsive Communication - Correct Answer Takes into account surface differences (such as language), as well as deeper differences that may impact students attitude & behavior

Culturally Responsive Strategies (4) - Correct Answer 1. Get to know students & their families, make personal connections

• Recognize how cultural backgrounds may influence behavior & speech and adapt

communication whenever possible to meet individual needs & interests

• Proactively encourage student-led discourse & student and parent involvement
• Respond promptly & appropriately to culturally insensitive speech expressed by

students/any prejudicial/discriminatory behavior

Team Approach - Correct Answer -Required by IDEA -the CSE or CPSE -manages activities such as prereferral, assessment, and IEP design and implementation

Prereferral - Correct Answer helps students who are struggling in the gen ed setting before referring them for special ed assessment -CSE/CPSE team obtains info about the student's strengths & weakness, designs and oversees the implementation of interventions, and evaluates the results of the interventions to decide whether or not a referral is needed

Response to Intervention (RTI) - Correct Answer -used as the prereferral process in some states (NY) -a school-level process that involves screening, monitoring, and responding appropriately to individual students based on their academic progress -involves tiered, increasingly intensive & individualized instruction. if reaches final tier & continues to struggle, student is referred for special ed assessment

CSE/CPSE Characteristics - Correct Answer -team composed of variety of backgrounds, multidisciplinary, special ed and gen ed, + other professionals, parents and students as appropriate